Planning Commission

Capital Impacts Study City of Fredericksburg, Virginia Planning Commission Meeting March 9, 2022 Photo Credit: Allen Schmidt via https://www.fredericksburgva.gov/gallery.aspx?PID=51 Cash Proffer / Special Use Conditions Ground Rules  Not a revenue raising mechanism but a way to meet growth-related infrastructure needs • It’s a land use regulation • One-time voluntary monetary commitment by property owner • At rezoning only; not by-right  Reflects proportionate share of capital costs for system improvements  Payers must receive a benefit • Timing and type of improvements • Accounting and expenditure controls 2 Methodological Approach Demand Capital Cost Capital Cost Infrastructure Units per per per Units per Development Infrastructure Development Demand Unit Unit Unit Unit Cash Students per Construction Cost Proffer/Special Level of Service Housing Unit by Type of School Cash Use Proffer Condition (e.g., Number of (e.g., Cost per Amount per Type (i.e., Student Amount per Seats or Square School Seat or Sq. of Housing Unit Generation Rate By Type of Housing Feet per Student) Ft.) Type of Unit) Unit 3 Categories, Components, and Cost Allocation Type of Public Facility Components Cost Allocation  Schools Public School Students from Residential Fredericksburg City Public Schools  Buses Development  Station Space Residential and Nonresidential Fredericksburg Fire Department  Vehicles/Apparatus Development 4 Schools Approach Suggested Approach Draft Student Generation Rates  Recommended components STUDENT GENERATION RATES o School Capacity Summary (Rounded) Total K-12 Single Family Detached 0.272 o Buses Single Family Attached 0.400 Multifamily (Non-Age Restricted) 0.294  Demand generator: Student enrollment Sources: Fredericksburg City Schools data; City of Fredericksburg, Commissioner of Revenue data; TischlerBise. 5 School Level of Service ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS (K-5) Official Inventory, Enrollment, and Levels of Service Site Building Portables 2021 (Sept) Current Facility Acreage Square Feet Classrooms Enrollment Capacity Utilization Hugh Mercer Elementary School 38.6 142,891 9 924 940 98% Lafayette Elementary School 21.5 97,760 2 800 1,010 79% TOTALS 60.2 240,651 11.0 1,724 1,950 88% Demand Units Acres per Building Portables per Elementary School Levels of Service (Students) Student SF per Student Student LOS based on Current Enrollment 1,724 0.034 139 0.0063 LOS based on Capacity 1,950 0.030 123 0.0056 Sources: City of Fredericksburg (Property Records); Fredericksburg Public Schools 6 School Level of Service MIDDLE SCHOOL (Grades 6-8) Official Inventory, Enrollment, and Utilization Site Building Portables 2021 (Sept) Current Facility Acreage Square Feet Classrooms Enrollment Capacity Utilization Walker-Grant Middle School 21.5 103,590 2 785 880 89% TOTALS 21.5 103,590 2 785 880 89% Demand Units Acres per Building Portables Middle School Levels of Service (Students) Student SF per Student per Student LOS based on Current Enrollment 785 0.027 131 0.0025 LOS based on Capacity 880 0.024 117 0.0022 Source: City of Fredericksburg; Fredericksburg Public Schools HIGH SCHOOL (Grades 9-12) Official Inventory, Enrollment, and Utilization Site Building Portables 2021 (Sept) Current Facility Acreage Square Feet Classrooms Enrollment Capacity Utilization James Monroe High School 23.7 198,000 0 1,038 1,164 89% TOTALS 23.7 198,000 0 1,038 1,164 89% Demand Units Acres per Building Portables High School Levels of Service (Students) Student SF per Student per Student LOS based on Current Enrollment 1,038 0.022 190 0.0000 LOS based on Capacity 1,164 0.020 170 0.0000 Source: City of Fredericksburg; Fredericksburg Public Schools 7 School Construction Cost Estimate Estimated Cost Square Cost School Construction Seats Per Seat Feet per Seat Per Sq. Ft. Cost (2021$) (Avg Elem & MS) New School Construction* $41,000,000 940 $43,617 122 $358 TOTAL $41,000,000 940 $43,617 122 $358 * Cost estimate includes planning, engineering, site selection, and construction; (averages reflect elementary and middle school) Source: City of Fredericksburg FY2022 Capital Improvements Plan; Fredericksburg City Public Schools. Cost estimate as of FY22 CIP; anticipated to be updated with FY23 CIP 8 School Buses Level of Service and Costs Number of Units Cost/Vehicle Total Cost FCPS Buses 57 $108,500 $6,184,500 TOTAL 57 $108,500 $6,184,500 Fredericksburg Public Schools K-12 Enrollment (2021-22) 3,547 Buses/Vehicles per Student 0.016 Cost per Student $1,744 Source: Fredericksburg City Public Schools 9 School Capital INPUT VARIABLES: Fredericksburg City Schools School Level Public School Students Per Housing Unit (2021-22) TOTAL Impact Input (Averages) Elementary Middle High Single Family Detached 0.112 0.066 0.094 0.272 Single Family Attached 0.196 0.084 0.119 0.400 Variables Multifamily (Non-Age Restricted) 0.162 0.059 0.072 0.294 Current Level of Service Standards Levels of service Building Square Feet Per Student Elementary 123 Middle 117 High 170 Total Cost Per Square Foot $358 $358 $358 x Cost factors Total Building Construction Cost Per Student $43,975 $41,829 $60,778 = Gross Cost per Student Buses per Student Cost per Bus 0.016 $108,500 0.016 $108,500 0.016 $108,500 Bus Cost Per Student $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 - Credit Consultant Study Cost Per Student $67 $67 $67 = Net Cost per Student Total Gross Capital Cost Per Student $45,786 $43,640 $62,589 Local Share of Capacity Cost 100% 100% 100% Total Gross Local Capital Cost Per Student $45,786 $43,640 $62,589 Principal Payment Credit Per Student ($9,164) ($9,164) ($9,164) Total Net Local Capital Cost Per Student $36,622 $34,476 $53,425 10 School Capital Impact Amount MAXIMUM SCHOOL CAPITAL IMPACT AMOUNTS (AVERAGE SIZE): Fredericksburg City Public Schools Capital Impact Per Housing Unit (Weighted Average) Elementary Middle High TOTAL Single Family Detached $4,101 $2,275 $5,021 $11,397 Single Family Attached $7,177 $2,895 $6,357 $16,429 Multifamily (Non-Age Restricted) $5,932 $2,034 $3,846 $11,812 Student Generation Rate x Net Cost per Student = Capital Impact Amount by Type of Housing Unit 11 School Capital Impact Amount by Size of Unit School Capital Impacts Per Housing Unit (By Bedroom Count) Elementary Middle High TOTAL Single Family Detached 0-2 Bedrooms $2,087 $1,137 $2,190 $5,414 3 Bedrooms $3,515 $1,861 $4,006 $9,382 4 Bedrooms $5,896 $3,171 $7,319 $16,386 5+ Bedrooms $4,834 $3,861 $8,280 $16,975 Average $4,101 $2,275 $5,021 $11,397 Single Family Attached 0-2 Bedrooms $8,130 $2,827 $6,571 $17,528 3+ Bdrms $6,591 $2,964 $6,250 $15,805 Average $7,177 $2,895 $6,357 $16,429 Multifamily (Non-Age Restricted) All Sizes $5,932 $2,034 $3,846 $11,812 12 Fire Approach Suggested Approach  Recommended components o Station Space: Fire Station 1 Expanded + New Fire Station o Vehicles/apparatus  Cost allocation: o Fire/EMS Calls for Service to residential or nonresidential land uses o Demand generator: Population (residential)—by size of unit; and at-place employment (nonresidential) 13 Fire Proportionate Share Factors Oct 2020-Oct 2021 # of Calls % by Land Use Residential 2,540 60% Nonresidential 1,662 40% Subtotal to Known Addresses 4,202 100% Unknown 874 Traffic 858 Subtotal Other 1,732 Grand Total 5,934 14 Fire Level of Service and Costs Cost per Facility Square Feet Total Cost Square Foot^ Fire Station 1 (Existing plus Expanded Space) 11,000 $360 $3,960,000 Planned New Fire Station 17,000 $613 $10,425,000 TOTAL 28,000 $514 $14,385,000 * Anticipated to replace and expand current Station 2 (currently 9,014 sq. ft.) ^ City of Fredericksburg FY22 CIP Level-of-Service Standards Residential Nonresidential Total Proportionate Share 60% 40% 100.0% Share of Facility Square Feet 16,800 11,200 28,000 Demand Unit Person Job Number of Demand Units 2042 38,588 26,260 Square Feet per Demand Unit 0.44 0.43 Cost Analysis Residential Nonresidential Square Feet per Demand Unit 0.44 0.43 Cost per Square Foot $514 $514 Cost Per Demand Unit $226 $221 15  NUMBER OF UNITS Current Avg. Current Value Fire Apparatus Type of Vehicle Current Planned Total Cost ($) Per Unit ($) Total Engine 3 1 4 $750,000 $3,000,000 Level of Ladder Tower 1 1 1 1 $1,500,000 $1,325,000 $1,500,000 $1,325,000 Service and Ambulances (Medics, Rescues) 5 1 6 $325,000 $1,950,000 SUVs/Trucks 8 8 $55,000 $440,000 Haz-Mat Equipment 4 4 $850,000 $3,400,000 Costs TOTAL 22 2 24 $527,955 $11,615,000 Level-of-Service Standards Residential Nonresidential Total Proportionate Share 60% 40% 100.0% Share of Units 13 9 22 Demand Unit Person Job Number of Demand Units 2042 38,588 26,260 Unit per 1000 Demand Units 0.34 0.34 Cost Analysis Residential Nonresidential Units per 1,000 Demand Unit 0.34 0.34 Cost per Unit $527,955 $527,955 Cost Per Demand Unit $180 $180 16  Capital Component Cost per Person Cost per Job Fire and Rescue Station $226.00 $221.00 Fire Capital Fire and Rescue Apparatus and Vehicles TOTAL GROSS COST $180.00 $406.00 $180.00 $401.00 Impact Input Debt Service Credit TOTAL NET COST ($134.00) $272.00 ($124.00) $277.00 Variables Residential (Per Unit) Persons per Capital Impact per Unit Type Size of Unit Housing Unit Housing Unit Gross Cost per Person or Job Single Family Detached 0-2 Bedrooms 1.64 $446 3 Bedrooms 2.18 $592 - Credit 4 Bedrooms 5+ Bedrooms 2.84 3.20 $772 $870 Average 2.58 $701 = Net Cost per Person or Job Single Family Attached 0-2 Bedrooms 1.62 $440 x Persons per Housing Unit or 3+ Bedrooms 2.33 $633 Average 2.18 $592 Employees per Demand Unit Multifamily All Sizes 1.91 $519 = Capital Impact Amount by Type of Nonresidential Development Land Use Land Use Type Demand Unit Empl. Per Demand Capital Impact per Unit Demand Unit Retail 1,000 sq. ft. 1.73 $479 Office, Institutional, and Other Services 1,000 sq. ft. 2.16 $597 Industrial 1,000 sq. ft. 1.28 $354 Lodging Room 0.56 17$154  Public Fire & TOTAL Schools EMS Capital Impact Summary Residential Development Number of Unit Bedrooms Per Development Unit Single Family Housing Unit 0-2 $5,414 $446 $5,860 Single Family Housing Unit 3 $9,382 $592 $9,974 Single Family Housing Unit 4 $16,386 $772 $17,158 Single Family Housing Unit 5+ $16,975 $870 $17,845 Single Family Housing Unit Avg $11,397 $701 $12,098 SF Attached/Townhouse Housing Unit 0-2 $17,528 $440 $17,968 SF Attached/Townhouse Housing Unit 3+ $15,805 $633 $16,438 SF Attached/Townhouse Housing Unit Avg $16,429 $592 $17,021 Multifamily/Other Housing Unit Avg $11,812 $519 $12,331 Multifamily Age Restricted Housing Unit Avg $0 $519 $519 Nonresidential Development Unit Per Development Unit Retail 1,000 sq. ft. n/a $479 $479 Office, Institutional, and Other Services 1,000 sq. ft. n/a $597 $597 Industrial 1,000 sq. ft. n/a $354 $354 Lodging Room n/a $154 $154 18 General Comparison Note: Proffers are negotiated on a case-by-case basis and therefore any amounts shown here do not reflect actual requested amounts, nor have they been reviewed by the respective jurisdictions. Sources: TischlerBise: Draft Fredericksburg Study (2022); Frederick, Goochland, Isle of Wight, and Fauquier from Capital Impact Models developed within last 5 years. Stafford County (no date): Proposed Proffer Guidelines accessed on website. Spotsylvania County (2015): Proffer Guidelines accessed on website. 19 Wrap Up  Next steps  Questions / Discussion  Thank you 20