City Council Agenda

CITY COUNCIL WORK SESSION AGENDA June 10, 2024, at 7:00 p.m. City Hall Council Chambers, 201 First Avenue East See the bottom of the agenda to learn how to provide public comment and watch meetings live or later. A. CALL TO ORDER B. ROLL CALL C. DISCUSSION 1. PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl) in Drinking Water Response Review D. PUBLIC COMMENT Persons wishing to address the council are asked to do so at this time. See the bottom of the agenda to learn the protocol for providing comment. E. CITY MANAGER, COUNCIL, AND MAYOR REPORTS F. ADJOURNMENT UPCOMING SCHEDULE Next Regular Meeting –June 17, 2024, at 7:00 p.m. – Council Chambers Next Work Session – June 24, 2024, at 7:00 p.m. – Council Chambers PARTICIPATION Those addressing the council are requested to give their name and address for the record. Please see the last page of the agenda for the proper manner of addressing the council and limit comments to three minutes. Comments can also be sent to publiccomment@kalispell.com. To provide public comment live, remotely, register for the video conference through zoom at: https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_aHPFh8ZhQq-TNvGLlaaiJw. Raise your virtual hand to indicate you would like to provide comment. Watch City Council sessions live with the agenda and supporting documents or later with documents and time stamped minutes at: https://www.kalispell.com/480/Meeting-Videos. Watch City Council sessions live or later on Charter Cable Ch. 190 or via the City YouTube page at: https://www.youtube.com/@cityofkalispellmontana9632/streams. Page 1 of 2  Kalispell City Council Agenda, June 10, 2024 The City does not discriminate on the basis of disability in its programs, services, activities, and employment practices. Auxiliary aids are available. For questions about disability accommodation please contact the City Clerk at 406-758-7756. ADMINISTRATIVE CODE Adopted July 1, 1991 Section 2-20 Manner of Addressing Council a. Each person not a Council member shall address the Council, at the time designated in the agenda or as directed by the Council, by stepping to the podium or microphone, giving that person's name and address in an audible tone of voice for the record, and unless further time is granted by the Council, shall limit the address to the Council to three minutes. b. All remarks shall be addressed to the Council as a body and not to any member of the Council or Staff. c. No person, other than the Council and the person having the floor, shall be permitted to enter into any discussion either directly or through a member of the Council, without the permission of the Presiding Officer. d. No question shall be asked of individuals except through the Presiding Officer. PRINCIPLES FOR CIVIL DIALOGUE Adopted by Resolution 5180 on February 5, 2007 ◼ We provide a safe environment where individual perspectives are respected, heard, and acknowledged. ◼ We are responsible for respectful and courteous dialogue and participation. ◼ We respect diverse opinions as a means to find solutions based on common ground. ◼ We encourage and value broad community participation. ◼ We encourage creative approaches to engage in public participation. ◼ We value informed decision-making and take personal responsibility to educate and be educated. ◼ We believe that respectful public dialogue fosters healthy community relationships, understanding and problem solving. ◼ We acknowledge, consider and respect the natural tensions created by collaboration, change, and transition. ◼ We follow the rules & guidelines established for each meeting. Page 2 of 2  201 1st Ave E Post Office Box 1997 Kalispell, MT 59903 Telephone: (406) 758-7720 www.Kalispell.com To: Doug Russell, City Manager From: Susie Turner, Public Works Director Re: PFAS Response Review Meeting Date: June 10, 2024 On April 10, 2024, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced the National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR), establishing maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for certain PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl) compounds in drinking water. Prior to the adoption of these new PFAS rules, Kalispell conducted PFAS sampling of source waters. Proactive testing was performed twice in 2022, UCMR sampling was conducted twice in 2023, and voluntary sampling occurred again in 2024. PFAS has been detected in four of the city’s eleven well sources: Grandview Well #1, Grandview Well #2, Armory Well, and Old School Well 1. Among these sources, the Grandview Well #2 location exceeds the EPA’s MCL for two PFAS compounds, PFOS and PFHxS. Kalispell – Sample Results March 24, 2024 MCL RESULTS Compound SOURCE (PPT) (Parts Per Trillion – PPT) Old School #1 2.0 (below MCL) Armory 3.5 (below MCL) PFOS 4 Grandview #1 3.5 (below MCL) Grandview #2 13 (Exceeds MCL) PFOA 4 All Sources 0 Armory 3.4 (below MCL) PFHxS 10 Grandview #1 3.0 (below MCL) Grandview #2 11 (Exceeds MCL) HFPO-DA (GENx) 10 All Sources 0 PFNA 10 All Sources 0 Hazard Index PFBS All Sources 0 of 1 The upcoming presentation aims to provide a comprehensive review of the new PFAS NPDWR and the City’s action items in response to PFAS detection. The primary goals are to protect public health and comply with the EPA regulations in both the short and long term. Action items for long-term mitigation include conducting an alternatives analysis in a Preliminary Engineering Report (PER) and subsequent implementation of projects to permanently reduce or remove PFAS from the water supply. To limit exposure and meet current federal regulations, the City may replace the wells, treat at the source, blend, or implement a hybrid of alternatives. The two primary options currently under consideration by the City are constructing new wells to replace the contaminated sources and installing treatment units. These project alternatives will be evaluated for their effectiveness, timely completion, constructability, compatibility with the existing water system, and both short-term and long-term operational costs. In the short term, considering recent tests that detected PFOS and PFHxS levels above the EPA’s MCL at Grandview Well #2, the City is reviewing two main options: minimizing the operation of the Grandview Wells and/or providing temporary treatment during the summer months. The City’s consultant team is working on acquiring a cost estimate for temporary treatment, as well as reviewing the availability and construction feasibility at the Grandview Wells location. City staff will provide a brief overview of the funding necessary to complete the mitigation projects. Efforts to procure funding including state grants and loan forgiveness, are underway and will support the sampling, engineering, and construction phases of the projects. Finally, the presentation will conclude with an outline of the next steps required to mitigate PFAS exposure as quickly as possible. Staff aims to gather Council insights and feedback during the work session discussion and from public input to support a collaborative approach in shaping the next steps for implementation of both short-term and long-term strategies. Attachment: Presentation Slides CITY OF KALISPELL AN OVERVIEW AND DISCUSSION OF THE CITY’S PLAN TO ADDRESS PFAS IN DRINKING WATER SOURCES JUNE 10, 2024  BRIEF HISTORY
On April 10, 2024, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced PFAS rules that established new maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for drinking water.
Prior to the Rule adoption, five PFAS Sampling Events for a variety of Well Sources have been completed through March 2024.
The City performed voluntary testing for PFAS in March of 2022 (2x), UCMR sampling in 2023 (2X), and voluntary sampling again in 2024 (1x).
PFAS was detected in 4 of the City’s Well Sources:
Grandview Well 1
Grandview Well 2
Armory Well
Old School Well 1
Based on past sampling the Grandview Well Location exceeds the EPA’s MCL for PFAS.  THE RULE • EPA is using the best available science on PFAS to set national standards which are displayed in the table below. • In this final rule, EPA is setting limits for five individual PFAS: PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFHxS, and HFPO-DA (known as GENX Chemicals) as well as setting a hazard index for the mixture of two or more of these chemicals.  RULE IMPLEMENTATION • EPA’s Implementation schedule requires the following: CITY OF KALISPELL SAMPLE RESULTS Summary of Detection Results-Kalispell Sampling Location Sample Date PFOS Detected PFHxS Detected Armory Well 3/1/2022 2.6 2.7 Armory Well 6/1/2022 3.3 3.3 Armory Well 7/1/2023 ND 3.6 Grandview Wells-Combined 7/1/2023 6.6 5.0 Old School Well #1 3/1/2024 2.0 0.0 Armory Well 3/1/2024 3.5 3.4 Grandview Well #1 3/1/2024 3.5 3.0 Grandview Well #2 3/1/2024 13 11 PFOS MCL = 4 ppt PFHxS MCL = 10 ppt MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level; PPT - Parts Per Trillion Black numbers are passing maximum containment level goals Red numbers are NOT passing maximum contaminant level goals  ACTION ITEMS 1. Procure Funding 4. Short Term Remove or Reduce PFAS Introduction to Water System • Use alternate funding resources to minimize expenditures from water fund. • Grandview Well Operations Minimization.
Loan Forgiveness and Grant Applications • Treatment Units. • Complete projects without having to increase rates due to PFAS exposure. 5. Further Evaluation: 2. Long Term Remove or Reduce PFAS Introduction to Water System • Follow-up sampling will be conducted at Kalispell PWS well sites. • Project Considerations: • The next scheduled sampling will be in the summer of 2024.
Effectiveness • The sampling will follow the new rule protocol and procedures.
Completion Timeline (the quicker, the more beneficial) • Additional sampling to identify source or area of influence around wells influenced by PFAS.
Constructability 6. Maintain Compliance with the Drinking Water Rule:
Operational Costs - short and long term • Sampling, Reporting, Mitigation, Public Information. 3. Project Alternatives to Minimize Exposure: • Kalispell is reviewing:
Replacing Sources
Treating Sources
Blending Sources
Hybrid Alternatives  PFAS INFORMATION REFERENCE LIST • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) | US EPA. This website contains the following:  Summary of PFAS  Supporting materials such as general information, communications toolkit, and technical information  Webinars  Background • Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ): PFAS | Montana DEQ (mt.gov). This website contains the following:  Montana PFAS Action Plan  PFAS Sites of Concern  Surface and Groundwater Monitoring  PFAS in Public Drinking Water  PFAS Disposal • City of Kalispell: Consumer Drinking Water Notice - Emerging Contaminants (PFAS) - Updated 04/17/2024 | Kalispell, MT This website contains the following:  General information concerning PFAS  Health effects due to PFAS exposure  PFAS reduction through treatment technology  FUNDING UPDATE
The City has completed applications and have funding procured or pending for the following:
Small Systems Emerging Contaminant Grant - $5.4M (amount to be confirmed)
Emerging Contaminant SRF Forgiveness - $5.4M (amount to confirmed)
Planning Grant Upper Pressure Zone Sources - $40,000
Planning Grant Lower Pressure Zone Sources - $40,000
Laboratory and Sampling Grant - $15,000  PROJECT GOALS  Comply with EPA Drinking Water Standards for PFAS  Provide Drinking Water that Minimizes Exposure to PFAs and Protect Public Health  Optimize Factors Such As Effectiveness, Completion Time, Construction, and Operational Cost  TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES There are three major treatment technologies in consideration: • Reverse Osmosis/Nanofiltration • Ion Exchange • Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Removal Separation Destruction • Powdered • Reverse Osmosis/ • Incineration Activated Nanofiltration • UV Carbon • Foam Fractionation Destruction • Granulated Activated Carbon • Ion Exchange  TREATMENT COMPARISON General PFAS Treatment Comparison Operation and Treatment Option Capital Cost Effectiveness (EBCT) Footprint Maintenance Costs Reverse Osmosis/Nanofiltration $$$ 2 $$$ Ion Exchange $$ 3 $$ GAC $$ 1 $$ *These results may vary depending on factors such as water characteristics, volume of water, and specific types and concentrations of PFAS chemicals. Ranked from highest EBCT to lowest EBCT  LOWER PRESSURE ZONE OVERVIEW
The Armory Well and Old School Well have tested positive for PFAS but below the MCL established by the EPA for drinking water.
To minimize risk, the City is exploring alternatives for replacement sources.
The Armory Well is a high producing well that supplies the south Kalispell area with water. This well is in a “strategic” location for the City.
A preliminary engineering report is underway that will compare alternatives and further explore several alternatives for source waters in this area.  LOWER PRESSURE ZONE ALTERNATIVES
New Well Source Alternatives
A new well in the Dry Bridge Park Area
A new well in the Lawrence Park
Modification / Rehabilitation of the Noffsinger Spring
Treatment of Armory Well (Tough Location)
Other Factors
Water transmission/distribution will have to be considered to confirm that the watered can be “delivered” to the south Kalispell area  UPPER PRESSURE ZONE OVERVIEW
The Grandview Wells, a combination of two wells next to each other have tested positive for PFAS. Tests for Grandview #2 exceed the MCL established by the EPA for drinking water.
The Grandview Wells work together and are a critical supply during summer months when the demand is higher.
A preliminary engineering report is underway that will compare alternatives and further explore alternatives for source waters in the Upper Pressure Zone.  UPPER PRESSURE ZONE ALTERNATIVES
New Well Source Alternatives
A new well in Westview Park
A new well in or near the City Owned Regional Stormwater Facility
Addition of Well(s) at the new Elevated Tank Site
Treatment of Grandview Well Source
Ion Exchange
Reverse Osmosis
GAC
Other Factors
Water transmission/distribution will have to be considered. Sources with a strong hydraulic connection to the new elevated tank are preferred to minimize transmission costs.
Treatment alternatives need to have strong consideration for “footprint” as there is limited space available. MAP OF EXISTING WELLS AND ALTERNATIVES SHORT TERM SOLUTION OPTIONS 1. The most recent test of water from the Grandview Well #2 had (2) forms of PFAS (PFOS and PFHxS). Both forms of PFAS tested slightly above the MCL established by the EPA. 2. The City will maintain compliance with all rules regarding PFAS and meet MCL within the EPA required timeframes. 3. The City would likely not be able to provide adequate supply during summer months without the Grandview Wells or watering restrictions. 4. Options o Minimize Grandview(s) operation and only operate until necessary, based on demand, and/or o The City could provide temporary treatment through the summer months.  POTENTIAL SHORT TERM SOLUTION Short Term Solution Cost Breakdown Cost 2-Unit (1200GPM) 3-Unit (1800GPM) Rental: $84,000 $150,000 Media: $143,000 $215,000 Mob & Setup $22,000 $40,000 Shipping $12,000 $22,000 Media Disposal $20,000 $25,000 Total $281,000 $452,000 *This ONLY includes manufacturing costs  NEXT STEPS Near Term Short Term
Complete PER
Minimize operation of Grandview
Review with Council-
Install temporary treatment ?? Hear the Public
Perform additional sampling
Funding o Rule compliance
Select Projects o Influence determination
Design